As an example, let’s consider the AND gate (the others are OR, NOT, NAND, NOR, XOR and XNOR). Electronic gates operate on two nominal voltages, normally 0 V and 5 V, representing the logic 0 ...

Logic gates have one or two 0 or 1 inputs but only one 0 or 1 output as in the following examples. Transistors make up gates, gates make up circuits, and circuits make up electronic systems.

Building logic gates out of silicon is old hat, as is building them from discrete transistors, 555 chips, LEGO, and even gears. [Yukio-Pegio Gunji] and [Yuta Nishiyama] from Kobe University ...

Any typical digital design style with CMOS uses complementary pairs of p-type and n-type MOSFETs for logic functions implementation ... 1 NAND inverting gate and AND non-inverting gate Standard CMOS ...