Astronomers have been confounded by recent evidence that the universe expanded at different rates throughout its life. New ...

One such contender for a new model is a three-dimensional toroid or a similar shape. This leads some to suggest that the universe might resemble a doughnut with a hole.

A model of the cosmic web, showing luminous galaxies clustering ... showing the richness and complexity of the Universe. A fractal is a geometric figure or natural set with a complex and detailed ...

Researchers from the Flatiron Institute and collaborators have developed an innovative method that uses artificial intelligence (AI) to estimate the universe's cosmological parameters with ...