Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is among the most common breathing conditions. It's the result of damaged lung ...

This condition causes long-term inflammation and ... your body is using more calories to perform basic functions, such as breathing. COPD fatigue may also affect your eating and exercise habits ...

In a landmark meeting half a century ago, William Briscoe used the term COPD. Since then, the pathophysiology and treatment modalities of chronic bronchitis and emphysema filled the textbooks.

More than 75% of treated patients in these studies were given long-acting bronchodilators and/or inhaled steroids, which are the standard treatment in COPD. The most accurate method to identify ...